See trên on Wiktionary
{
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[
"*k-leːɲ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Vietic/k-leːɲ"
],
[
"tliênh",
"tliênh#Muong"
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[
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[
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"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
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"name": "inh"
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],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Related to lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
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{
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"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
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"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
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},
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"name": "head"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "trên • (𨕭, 𨑗, 蓮)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"upper"
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"id": "en-trên-vi-adj-ruYQVYKS",
"links": [
[
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]
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},
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92 0",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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"id": "en-trên-vi-adj-BHoi6ODc",
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[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
]
}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Hanoi"
]
}
],
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}
{
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[
"*k-leːɲ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Vietic/k-leːɲ"
],
[
"tliênh",
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],
[
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"lên#Vietnamese"
],
[
"tlên",
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],
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"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-leːɲ"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "mkh-mvi",
"3": "tlên"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Related to lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
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{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
"CJK"
]
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],
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{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bề trên"
},
{
"word": "kính trên nhường dưới"
},
{
"word": "ơn trên"
},
{
"word": "tay trên"
},
{
"word": "trên bảo, dưới không nghe"
},
{
"word": "trên cơ"
},
{
"word": "trên dưới"
},
{
"word": "trên không"
},
{
"word": "trên kính dưới nhường"
},
{
"word": "trên mạng"
},
{
"word": "trên răng dưới dái"
},
{
"word": "trên răng, dưới cát tút"
},
{
"word": "trển"
}
],
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{
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[
0,
4
]
],
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"translation": "up on the tree",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on"
],
"id": "en-trên-vi-prep-uNMehScl",
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Penn Zero MSSJ-trên.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Hanoi"
]
}
],
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}
{
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[
"train",
"train#English"
]
],
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{
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"2": ":bor",
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},
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},
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"2": "en",
"3": "train"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English train",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English train.",
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{
"form": "trenau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrên",
"source": "mutation",
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]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
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{
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"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"orig": "cy:Rail transportation",
"parents": [],
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}
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{
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"translation": "gear train",
"word": "trên gêr"
}
],
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{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
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]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
26
]
],
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"text": "Na, dw i'n mynd ar y trên.",
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"type": "example"
}
],
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"train"
],
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"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/treːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
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"Pages with entries",
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"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
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"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
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[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Vietic/k-leːɲ"
],
[
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[
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"lên#Vietnamese"
],
[
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"tlên#Middle_Vietnamese"
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{
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"3": "*k-leːɲ"
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"2": "mkh-mvi",
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-leːɲ. Cognate with Muong Bi tliênh. Related to lên.\nAttested as Northern Middle Vietnamese tlên in Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum (1651).",
"forms": [
{
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"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𨑗",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
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"tags": [
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]
}
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"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
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{
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"name": "vi-adj"
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],
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"upper"
],
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[
"upper",
"upper"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"higher, superior"
],
"links": [
[
"higher",
"higher"
],
[
"superior",
"superior"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈəːn˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
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"Pages with entries",
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"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
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"Vietnamese terms derived from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Middle Vietnamese",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bề trên"
},
{
"word": "kính trên nhường dưới"
},
{
"word": "ơn trên"
},
{
"word": "tay trên"
},
{
"word": "trên bảo, dưới không nghe"
},
{
"word": "trên cơ"
},
{
"word": "trên dưới"
},
{
"word": "trên không"
},
{
"word": "trên kính dưới nhường"
},
{
"word": "trên mạng"
},
{
"word": "trên răng dưới dái"
},
{
"word": "trên răng, dưới cát tút"
},
{
"word": "trển"
}
],
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[
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"Reconstruction:Proto-Vietic/k-leːɲ"
],
[
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"tliênh#Muong"
],
[
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"lên#Vietnamese"
],
[
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"2": "mkh-mvi",
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"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese tlên",
"name": "inh"
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],
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"tags": [
"CJK"
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]
}
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{
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],
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"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"on"
],
"links": [
[
"on",
"on"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʈen˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
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"note": "Saigon"
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Penn_Zero_MSSJ-tr%C3%AAn.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Hanoi"
]
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
{
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"translation": "gear train",
"word": "trên gêr"
}
],
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]
],
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"3": "en:train<id:line or portion>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"line or portion\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"train\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"delay\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"traïner\", \"id\" : \"drag\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"drag\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"trahere\", \"id\" : \"drag\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"run\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*dʰregʰ-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"trahō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*tragīnāre\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"trainer\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"train\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"trayne\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"train\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Welsh\", \"term\" : \"trên\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cy\" }\" data-lang=\"cy\" data-title=\"trên\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "en",
"3": "train"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English train",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English train.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "trenau",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "trên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "drên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nhrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "thrên",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "trenau"
},
"expansion": "trên m (plural trenau)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Welsh/eːn",
"Rhymes:Welsh/eːn/1 syllable",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with etymon",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh terms borrowed from English",
"Welsh terms derived from English",
"Welsh terms derived from Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle English",
"Welsh terms derived from Old French",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰregʰ-",
"Welsh terms with usage examples",
"cy:Rail transportation"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
21,
26
]
],
"english": "No, I'm going on the train.",
"text": "Na, dw i'n mynd ar y trên.",
"translation": "No, I'm going on the train.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"train"
],
"links": [
[
"train",
"train"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/treːn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːn"
}
],
"word": "trên"
}
Download raw JSONL data for trên meaning in All languages combined (9.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: trên/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"trên"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "trên",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.